Over one billion people travel by air each year and flying has been named as one of the safest modes of transport. But whether you’re going on a business trip or off on holiday, there are a number of potential health risks to be aware of. Dr Sneh Khemka, Medical Director at Bupa International, takes a closer look at some of these and what you can do to prevent health problems before, during and after your flight.

Stress
Before you even step on a plane you may be putting your health to the test. Travelling to the airport, long queues at the check-in desk and delays can raise your stress levels. Allowing yourself plenty of time and planning your trip in advance can help.

Deep vein thrombosis
Flying may increase your risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) where a blood clot forms in one of your deep veins, usually in your leg. However, the risk isn’t limited to flying and anyone who sits in the same position for a long period of time can develop DVT.

You may have worn compression stockings (flight socks) on a plane. These work by applying gentle pressure to your legs and improving blood flow. They can help if you’re travelling for at least six hours and at increased risk of DVT – for example, if you’re over 40 or very overweight – but make sure they fit correctly. Taking a stroll around the cabin and doing lower leg exercises may also help.

Airborne diseases
Did you know that you’re no more likely to catch an infection when flying compared with in any other environment? The air in the cabin passes through filters that trap bacteria and viruses. If you feel unwell before your flight, delay your journey until you have recovered so you don’t spread the infection to other passengers.

Ear issues
You may be familiar with pain and pressure in your ears during take off and landing. As the aeroplane climbs, the pressure in the cabin decreases, causing air to escape from your middle ear and sinuses. When the plane descends, air must flow back into your ear. If this doesn’t happen, your ears will feel blocked and painful. You could try wearing earplugs, and also the simple remedies of chewing gum, sucking sweets or yawning to help equalise the pressure.

Dry skin and eyes
Low humidity in the aircraft cabin can lead to dry skin and eyes. Applying moisturiser and wearing glasses instead of contact lenses should help.

It’s a myth that low humidity reduces your fluid levels and causes dehydration. It’s more likely to be a result of drinking tea, coffee and alcohol during long-haul flights. Drinking water should help to keep your fluid levels topped up.

Jet lag
If you fly across several different time zones, it can take your body a number of days to adjust to the new rhythm of daylight and darkness – known as jet lag. To ease this, adjust your watch to the destination time as soon as you get on the plane and try and get into a routine immediately when you arrive.

Although there are some health risks associated with flying, don’t let them stop you from taking to the skies. Follow these tips for a healthy flight and you’ll feel fresh and ready to go when you step off the plane.